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HISTORY126 - Personal Identification

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Once again, I have Pat to thank for suggesting this topic as a blog article: personal identification.   After a little research, I was confident that I could learn a lot; the only question was how to approach it with an article of reasonable length. Well, let me start; we’ll see how it goes.   After a short introduction, I will discuss the evolution of personal identification in three pieces: Early History (Antiquity to 18 th Century), Standardized Modern Physical IDs (19 th Century to Present), and Digitization (Late 20 th Century to Present).   I will finish with a look at Future Trends in Personal Identification. I focus on personal identification history in Europe and the United States. As usual, I will list my principal sources at the end.   Introduction Personal Identification (ID) refers to data that identifies an individual, ranging from official documents like a driver's license or passport to specific codes like a Personal Ident...
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HISTORY125 - Wind and its Power

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I owe Pat another one.  “Wind” came up in a recent discussion of potential blog topics and I immediately picked up on it.  After a short introduction, I will discuss the effects of wind, what causes wind, and how wind has affected our culture, before focusing on the history of wind power.   I will conclude with some interesting facts about wind and wind power.                                   As usual, I will list my principal sources at the end.   Introduction Wind is the movement of atmospheric air from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas , which we feel as wind .  The greater the difference in pressure between two areas (the pressure gradient), the faster the wind will blow. Wind can be a gentle breeze or a powerful storm-force gust, depending on the pressure d...
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